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                <h2 id="一、MySQL"><a href="#一、MySQL" class="headerlink" title="一、MySQL"></a>一、MySQL</h2><h3 id="1、MySQL简介"><a href="#1、MySQL简介" class="headerlink" title="1、MySQL简介"></a>1、MySQL简介</h3><blockquote>
<p>MySQL是一个功能齐全的关系数据库管理系统（RDBMS），可以与Oracle DB和Microsoft的SQLServer竞争。MySQL由瑞典公司MySQL AB赞助，该公司由Oracle公司拥有。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>MySQL 是一个功能齐全的<strong>关系数据库管理系统</strong>（RDBMS），可以与 Oracle DB 和 Microsoft 的 SQL Server 竞争。MySQL 由瑞典公司 MySQL AB 赞助，该公司由 Oracle 公司拥有。但是，MySQL 源代码是<strong>免费</strong>提供的，因为它最初是作为免费软件开发的。MySQL 是用 C 和 C ++编写的，与<strong>所有主流操作系统兼容</strong>。<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309153059380.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="MySQL"><br>特点：</p>
<ol>
<li>使用C和C++编写，并使用了多种编译器进行测试，保证源代码的<strong>可移植性</strong>。</li>
<li><strong>支持多种操作系统</strong>，如<code>Linux</code>、<code>Windows</code>、<code>AIX</code>、<code>FreeBSD</code>、<code>HP-UX</code>、<code>MacOS</code>、<code>NovellNetware</code>、<code>OpenBSD</code>、<code>OS/2 Wrap</code>、<code>Solaris</code>等。</li>
<li><strong>为多种编程语言提供了API</strong>，如<code>C</code>、<code>C++</code>、<code>Python</code>、<code>Java</code>、<code>Perl</code>、<code>PHP</code>、<code>Eiffel</code>、<code>Ruby</code>等。</li>
<li><strong>支持多线程</strong>，充分利用CPU资源。</li>
<li><strong>优化</strong>的SQL<strong>查询算法</strong>，有效地<strong>提高查询速度</strong>。</li>
<li>提供<strong>多语言支持</strong>，常见的编码如<code>GB2312</code>、<code>BIG5</code>、<code>UTF8</code>。</li>
<li>提供TCP/IP、ODBC和JDBC等<strong>多种</strong>数据库<strong>连接途径</strong>。</li>
<li>提供用于<strong>管理</strong>、<strong>检查</strong>、<strong>优化</strong>数据库操作的<strong>管理工具</strong>。</li>
<li><strong>大型的数据库</strong>。可以处理拥有上千万条记录的大型数据库。</li>
<li>支持多种<strong>存储引擎</strong>。</li>
<li>MySQL 软件采用了<strong>双授权政策</strong>，它分为<strong>社区版</strong>和<strong>商业版</strong>，由于其<strong>体积小</strong>、<strong>速度快</strong>、<strong>总体拥有成本低</strong>，尤其是<strong>开放源码</strong>这一特点，一般中小型网站的开发都选择MySQL作为<strong>网站数据库</strong>。</li>
<li>MySQL使用<strong>标准</strong>的SQL数据语言形式。</li>
<li>Mysql是可以定制的，采用了<strong>GPL</strong>协议，你可以修改源码来开发自己的Mysql系统。</li>
<li>在线<strong>DDL</strong>更改功能。</li>
<li>复制<strong>全局事务标识</strong>。</li>
<li>复制<strong>无崩溃从机</strong>。</li>
<li>复制<strong>多线程从机</strong>。<h3 id="2、结构化查询语言-SQL-Structured-Query-Language"><a href="#2、结构化查询语言-SQL-Structured-Query-Language" class="headerlink" title="2、结构化查询语言 SQL (Structured Query Language)"></a>2、结构化查询语言 SQL (<code>Structured Query Language</code>)</h3><ul>
<li>数据定义语言（<code>DDL</code>），包括<code>CREATE</code>（创建）命令、<code>ALTER</code>（修改）命令、<code>DROP</code>（删除）命令等。</li>
<li>数据操纵语言（<code>DML</code>），包括<code>INSERT</code>（插入）命令、<code>UPDATE</code>（更新）命令、<code>DELETE</code>（删除）命令、<code>SELECT … FOR UPDATE</code>（查询）等。</li>
<li>数据查询语言（<code>DQL</code>），包括基本查询语句、<code>Order By</code>子句、<code>Group By</code>子句等。</li>
<li>事务控制语言（<code>TCL</code>），包括<code>COMMIT</code>（提交）命令、<code>SAVEPOINT</code>（保存点）命令、ROLLBACK（回滚）命令。</li>
<li>数据控制语言（<code>DCL</code>），<code>GRANT</code>（授权）命令、<code>REVOKE</code>（撤销）命令。<h3 id="3、MySQL的发展史"><a href="#3、MySQL的发展史" class="headerlink" title="3、MySQL的发展史"></a>3、MySQL的发展史</h3></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>时间</th>
<th>事件</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>1979年</td>
<td>一个名为<code>Monty Widenius</code>的程序员在为TcX的小公司打工，并且用<code>BASIC</code>设计了一个<strong>报表工具</strong>，使其可以在4MHz主频和16KB内存的计算机上运行。当时，这只是一个很<strong>底层的且仅面向报表</strong>的<strong>存储引擎</strong>，名叫<code>Unireg</code>。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1990 年</td>
<td>，TcX公司的客户中开始有人要求为他的API提供SQL支持。Monty直接借助于mSQL的代码，将它集成到自己的存储引擎中。令人失望的是，效果并不太令人满意，决心自己重写一个SQL支持。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1996年</td>
<td>MySQL 1.0发布，它只面向一小拨人，相当于<strong>内部发布</strong>。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1996年10月</td>
<td>MySQL 3.11.1发布(<strong>MySQL没有2.x版本</strong>)，最开始只提供Solaris下的二进制版本。一个月后，Linux版本出现了。在接下来的两年里，MySQL被依次<strong>移植到各个平台</strong>。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1999～2000年</td>
<td>MySQL AB公司在瑞典成立。Monty雇了几个人与Sleepycat合作，开发出了<code>Berkeley DB</code>引擎, 由于<strong>BDB支持事务处理</strong>，因此MySQL从此开始<strong>支持事务处理</strong>了。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2000年</td>
<td>MySQL不仅<strong>公布自己的源代码</strong>，并采用GPL(<code>GNU General Public License</code>)许可协议，正式进入开源世界。<strong>同年4月</strong>，MySQL对旧的<strong>存储引擎ISAM</strong>进行了整理，将其命名为<code>MyISAM</code>。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2001年</td>
<td>集成<code>Heikki Tuuri</code>的存储引擎<code>InnoDB</code>，这个引擎不仅能支持<strong>事务处理</strong>，并且支<strong>持行级锁</strong>。后来该引擎被证明是最为成功的MySQL事务存储引擎。MySQL与InnoDB的<strong>正式结合版本</strong>是4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2003年12月</td>
<td>MySQL 5.0版本发布，提供了<strong>视图</strong>、<strong>存储过程</strong>等功能。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2008年1月</td>
<td>MySQL AB公司被Sun公司以10亿美金收购，MySQL数据库进入Sun时代。在Sun时代，Sun公司对其进行了大量的<strong>推广</strong>、<strong>优化</strong>、<strong>Bug修复</strong>等工作。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2008年11月</td>
<td>MySQL 5.1发布，它提供了<strong>分区</strong>、<strong>事件管理</strong>，以及<strong>基于行的复制</strong>和<strong>基于磁盘</strong>的<code>NDB</code><strong>集群系统</strong>，同时修复了大量的Bug。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2009年4月</td>
<td>Oracle公司以74亿美元收购Sun公司，自此MySQL数据库进入Oracle时代，而其第三方的存储引擎<code>InnoDB</code>早在2005年就被Oracle公司收购。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2010年12月</td>
<td>MySQL 5.5发布，其主要新特性包括<strong>半同步的复制</strong>及对<code>SIGNAL/RESIGNAL</code>的异常处理功能的支持，最重要的是InnoDB存储引擎终于变为当前MySQL的默认存储引擎。MySQL 5.5不是时隔两年后的一次简单的版本更新，而是加强了MySQL各个方面在企业级的特性。Oracle公司同时也承诺MySQL 5.5和未来版本仍是采用GPL授权的开源产品。</td>
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<h3 id="4、MySQL的下载及安装"><a href="#4、MySQL的下载及安装" class="headerlink" title="4、MySQL的下载及安装"></a>4、MySQL的下载及安装</h3><p><a href="https://www.mysql.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官网下载</a><br>作为企业的主流服务器，本文介绍基于win10（1909）系统安装MySQL5.7<br>下载好安装包后，我们开始安装。<br>第一步：找到你的安装包，并且双击打开它。允许此应用对你的设备的更改。点击next。<br>第二步：选择适用于自己的安装方式，这里作为一个初学者，学生的菜鸟安装方式，选择自定义安装，选择custom。点击next。<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309173621925.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第二步"><br>第三步：选择适合自己的自定义安装方式。我们这里只安装服务，即MySQL server，选择适合自己电脑的版本，x64或者x86。由于小编的电脑是64位的，我们这里选择x64。然后选择<strong>向右</strong>的小箭头。点击next。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309175051460.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第三步"><br>第四步：点击execute。<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309175524774.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第四步"><br>第五步：持续的点击下一步。<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309180251820.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="1"><br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309180310105.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="2"><br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020030918032342.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="3"><br>选择第一个，仅用于开发的机器。<br>第六步：不要更改端口号。点击next。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309181830616.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第六步"><br>第七步：设置用户名和密码。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309180646576.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第七步"><br>第八步：选择MySQL是否作为一个服务在计算机上运行（configure MySQL server as a Windows Service)选择是，在前面的方框打对号，是否开机自启（start the MySQL server at system startup），选择作为系统用户运行（standard  system account）。选择next。<br>      <img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200309180949578.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0NsYXNzMDEz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="第八步"><br>最后一步：点击execute。完成安装。</p>
<h2 id="二、Navicat-Premium"><a href="#二、Navicat-Premium" class="headerlink" title="二、Navicat Premium"></a>二、Navicat Premium</h2><h3 id="2-1、Navicat-Premium简介"><a href="#2-1、Navicat-Premium简介" class="headerlink" title="2.1、Navicat Premium简介"></a>2.1、Navicat Premium简介</h3><blockquote>
<p>Navicat是一套快速、可靠并价格相当便宜的数据库管理工具，专为简化数据库的管理及降低系统管理成本而设。它的设计符合数据库管理员、开发人员及中小企业的需要。Navicat 是以直觉化的图形用户界面而建的，让你可以以安全并且简单的方式创建、组织、访问并共用信息。</p>
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<p><code>Navicat Premium</code>是一个可<strong>多重连接</strong>的<strong>数据库管理工具</strong>，它可让你以<strong>单一程序**</strong>同时连接<strong>到<code>MySQL</code>、<code>Oracle</code>、<code>PostgreSQL</code>、<code>SQLite</code> 及 <code>SQL Server</code>数据库，让</strong>管理不同类型的数据库<strong>更加方便。<code>Navicat Premium</code> 结合了其他 <code>Navicat</code> 成员的功能。有了不同数据库类型的连接能力，<code>Navicat Premium</code> 支持在<code>MySQL</code>、<code>Oracle</code>、<code>PostgreSQL</code>、<code>SQLite</code> 及 <code>SQL Server</code>之间传输数据。它支持大部份<code>MySQL</code>、<code>Oracle</code>、<code>PostgreSQL</code>、<code>SQLite</code> 及 <code>SQL Server</code>的功能。<br><code>Navicat Premium</code> 使你能</strong>简单并快速<strong>地在各种</strong>数据库系统间传输数据<strong>，或传输一份指定 SQL 格式及编码的纯文本文件。这可以</strong>简化<strong>从一台服务器</strong>迁移数据<strong>到另一台服务器的类型的进程。不同数据库的</strong>批处理作业<strong>也可以计划并在指定的时间运行。其他功能包括</strong>导入向导<strong>、</strong>导出向导<strong>、</strong>查询创建工具<strong>、</strong>报表创建工具<strong>、</strong>资料同步<strong>、</strong>备份<strong>、</strong>工作计划**及更多。</p>
<h3 id="2-2、Navicat-Premium的下载及安装"><a href="#2-2、Navicat-Premium的下载及安装" class="headerlink" title="2.2、Navicat Premium的下载及安装"></a>2.2、Navicat Premium的下载及安装</h3><p><a href="https://www.navicat.com.cn/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官网下载地址</a><br>Navicat Premium的安装一直点击下一步的傻瓜式安装。</p>

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                        <span class="card-title">MySQL学习笔记01- MySQL及Navicat Premium的简介及安装</span>
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                            一、MySQL1、MySQL简介
MySQL是一个功能齐全的关系数据库管理系统（RDBMS），可以与Oracle DB和Microsoft的SQLServer竞争。MySQL由瑞典公司MySQL AB赞助，该公司由Oracle公司拥有。


                        
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                                <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2020-05-16
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                            <a href="/categories/MySQL%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/" class="post-category">
                                    MySQL学习笔记
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                        <span class="chip bg-color">Navicat Premium</span>
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